1.下载
下载地址:http://www.redis.io/download
选取当前最新版本3.2.1下载,上传到linux上,进行解压缩:
[root@mongodb1 redis]# ls
redis-3.2.1 redis-3.2.1.tar.gz
2.编译安装
进入redis-3.2.1目录下,运行make进行安装编译:
[root@mongodb1 redis-3.2.1]# ls
00-RELEASENOTES BUGS CONTRIBUTING COPYING deps INSTALL Makefile MANIFESTO README.md redis.conf runtest runtest-cluster runtest-sentinel sentinel.conf src tests utils
make需要安装编译器,默认为gcc.
[root@mongodb1 redis-3.2.1]# make
cd src && make all
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/redis/redis-3.2.1/src'
CC adlist.o
CC quicklist.o
CC ae.o
In file included from ae.c:53:
ae_epoll.c: In function 'aeApiAddEvent':
ae_epoll.c:75: warning: missing initializer
ae_epoll.c:75: warning: (near initialization for 'ee.data')
ae_epoll.c: In function 'aeApiDelEvent':
ae_epoll.c:92: warning: missing initializer
ae_epoll.c:92: warning: (near initialization for 'ee.data')
CC anet.o
anet.c: In function 'anetSockName':
anet.c:640: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:638: note: initialized from here
anet.c:644: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:642: note: initialized from here
anet.c: In function 'anetPeerToString':
anet.c:584: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:582: note: initialized from here
anet.c:588: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:586: note: initialized from here
anet.c: In function 'anetTcpAccept':
anet.c:555: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:553: note: initialized from here
anet.c:559: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:557: note: initialized from here
CC dict.o
CC server.o
CC sds.o
CC zmalloc.o
CC lzf_c.o
CC lzf_d.o
CC pqsort.o
CC zipmap.o
CC sha1.o
CC ziplist.o
CC release.o
CC networking.o
CC util.o
CC object.o
CC db.o
CC replication.o
CC rdb.o
CC t_string.o
CC t_list.o
CC t_set.o
CC t_zset.o
CC t_hash.o
CC config.o
CC aof.o
CC pubsub.o
CC multi.o
CC debug.o
CC sort.o
CC intset.o
CC syncio.o
CC cluster.o
CC crc16.o
CC endianconv.o
CC slowlog.o
CC scripting.o
CC bio.o
CC rio.o
CC rand.o
CC memtest.o
CC crc64.o
CC bitops.o
CC sentinel.o
CC notify.o
CC setproctitle.o
CC blocked.o
CC hyperloglog.o
CC latency.o
CC sparkline.o
CC redis-check-rdb.o
CC geo.o
LINK redis-server
INSTALL redis-sentinel
CC redis-cli.o
LINK redis-cli
CC redis-benchmark.o
LINK redis-benchmark
INSTALL redis-check-rdb
CC redis-check-aof.o
LINK redis-check-aof
Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/redis/redis-3.2.1/src'
make完成之后,进行install,默认安装路径为/usr/local/bin下,这里我们把他安装目录放到/usr/local/redis下,使用PREFIX指定目录:
[root@mongodb1 redis-3.2.1]# mkdir /usr/local/redis
[root@mongodb1 redis-3.2.1]# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install
cd src && make install
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/redis/redis-3.2.1/src'
Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
INSTALL install
INSTALL install
INSTALL install
INSTALL install
INSTALL install
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/redis/redis-3.2.1/src'
将redis可执行目录添加到环境变量中,编辑~/.bash_profile添加redis环境变量:
[root@mongodb1 bin]# cat ~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=/usr/local/redis/bin:/usr/local/mongodb/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
3.创建redis服务
此时其实就可以启动redis服务了,例如:
% ./redis-server --port 9999 --slaveof 127.0.0.1 6379
% ./redis-server /etc/redis/6379.conf --loglevel debug
但是我们一般还是把redis做成服务来启动,进入到utils目录,然后运行install_server.sh,运行这个会询问你几个问题,包括
指定redis的端口号
指定redis的配置文件
指定redis的日志文件
指定redis的数据目录文件
指定redis的可执行目录文件.
[root@mongodb1 utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379]
Selecting default: 6379
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf]
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] /data/redis/log/redis_6378.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379] /data/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server]
Selected config:
Port : 6379
Config file : /etc/redis/6379.conf
Log file : /data/redis/log/redis_6378.log
Data dir : /data/redis/6379
Executable : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!
完成之后,redis的服务就添加完毕了,服务名为redis_6379:
[root@mongodb1 init.d]# ls -l re*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1714 Jul 1 11:13 redis_6379
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1822 Jan 16 2013 restorecond
启动和关闭redis服务:
[root@mongodb1 init.d]# service redis_6379 status
Redis is running (19280)
[root@mongodb1 init.d]# service redis_6379 stop
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
[root@mongodb1 init.d]# service redis_6379 start
Starting Redis server...
使用redis-cli连接redis:
[root@mongodb1 init.d]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379>
4.redis服务解析
其实做完以上几步,我们已经可以正常使用redis了,下面我们来解析一下redis的启动停止过程.我们解析/etc/init.d/redis_6379文件:
#!/bin/sh
#Configurations injected by install_server below....
EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_6379.pid
CONF="/etc/redis/6379.conf"
REDISPORT="6379"
###############
# SysV Init Information
# chkconfig: - 58 74
# description: redis_6379 is the redis daemon.
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: redis_6379
# Required-Start: $network $local_fs $remote_fs
# Required-Stop: $network $local_fs $remote_fs
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Should-Start: $syslog $named
# Should-Stop: $syslog $named
# Short-Description: start and stop redis_6379
# Description: Redis daemon
### END INIT INFO
case "$1" in
start)
if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
else
echo "Starting Redis server..."
$EXEC $CONF
fi
;;
stop)
if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
else
PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "Stopping ..."
$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown
while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
do
echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
sleep 1
done
echo "Redis stopped"
fi
;;
status)
PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
if [ ! -x /proc/${PID} ]
then
echo 'Redis is not running'
else
echo "Redis is running ($PID)"
fi
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "Please use start, stop, restart or status as first argument"
;;
esac
可以发现,其实启动redis的语法就是:
/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/6379.conf
关闭redis的语法就是:
/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server -p 6379 shutdown
检查redis是否运行,就是检查redis的pid文件下的进程是否存在.
查看redis的配置文件/etc/redis/6379.conf,里面有很多注释,去除注释:
[root@mongodb1 utils]# grep -E -v "^#" /etc/redis/6379.conf |sed '/^$/d'
bind 127.0.0.1
protected-mode yes
port 6379
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 300
daemonize yes
supervised no
pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid
loglevel notice
logfile /data/redis/log/redis_6379.log
databases 16
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
dir /data/redis/6379
slave-serve-stale-data yes
slave-read-only yes
repl-diskless-sync no
repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
slave-priority 100
appendonly no
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appendfsync everysec
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
aof-load-truncated yes
lua-time-limit 5000
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
slowlog-max-len 128
latency-monitor-threshold 0
notify-keyspace-events ""
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
list-max-ziplist-size -2
list-compress-depth 0
set-max-intset-entries 512
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
activerehashing yes
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
hz 10
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
其中主要的参数:
bind:绑定的ip地址
port:监听端口号
pidfile:pid文件名
dir:数据文件目录
logfile:日志文件地址
======================================================================================
文件解压命令：tar -xzvf redis-3.2.0.tar.gz
cd redis-3.2.0
make ## 编译
安装路径：/opt/rh
安装命令：make PREFIX=/opt/rh/redis install
配置环境变量：PATH=/opt/rh/redis/bin:/usr/local/mongodb/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin ##环境变量尚未配置。
重新启动计算机：shutdown -r now
创建目录： /opt/rh/redis/bin
创建目录：/opt/rh/redis/etc
移动配置文件：mv mkreleasehdr.sh redis-benchmark redis-check-aof redis-check-rdb redis-cli redis-server /opt/rh/redis/bin
mv redis.conf /opt/rh/redis/etc
启动服务：./redis-server ##目前只是前台启动服务，后台服务未配置。
======================================================================================
普通用户登陆Linux的时候，一般情况下PATH环境变量不包含/sbin 目录
因此当需要执行/sbin路径下的命令(比如ifconfig)时需要给PATH添上这一个路径。初用Linux时的时候我是新建的shell终端中用如下命令 PATH=$PATH:/sbin
虽然这样也能使PATH包含/sbin路径了，但是，当再重启一个shell终端时PATH的值去并没有改变，当再次用到/sbin下的命令时，还得用上述方法添上/sbin
今天终于找到了彻底改变PATH的方法了.
Linux中含有两个重要的文件 /etc/profile和$HOME/.bash_profile 每当系统登陆时都要读取这两个文件，用来初始化系统所用到的变量，其中/etc/profile是超级用户所用，$HOME/.bash_profile是每个用户自己独立的，我们可以修改该文件来设置一些变量。
命令用法如下
$ cd (进入用户登陆目录)
$ls –al .bash_profile(.bash_profile为隐藏文件，因此要用ls –a命令查找)
$vi .bash_profile(用vi编辑.bash_profile)
在里面的PATH一行修改 添上需要的路径
保存退出
因为该文件是在每次登陆时才读取，因此需要重启才能生效